Sebagian siswa masih menemukan Analytical Exposition dan Hortatory Exposition sulit dibedakan. Mudah kok ^_^.
Kedua teks tersebut masuk dalam kategori persuasive text. Persuasive text merupakan teks yang bertujuan untuk mempengaruhi seseorang akan ide yang penulis utarakan -baik untuk mengubah pandangan seseorang sesuai pandangan si penulis terkait suatu kasus tertentu maupun untuk mencari pendukung akan ide yang diutarakan si penulis.
Untuk perbedaannya yang jelas dan tidak sulit dipahamai yaitu terletak pada generic structure ke dua teks tersebut. Perhatikan:
Contoh Analytical Exposition Text: (Perhatikan kalimat bagian terakhir
diwarnai merah, kalimat tersebut merupakan pernyataan ulang dari yang
diutrakan penuis di paragraf pertama)
Therefore, organic farming should replace
conventional one to reduce the using of pesticides which usually remain in farm
production such as fruits and vegetables since there are a lot of research
which prove that pesticides may be harmful for the consumers if people use
pesticides improperly.
Kedua teks tersebut masuk dalam kategori persuasive text. Persuasive text merupakan teks yang bertujuan untuk mempengaruhi seseorang akan ide yang penulis utarakan -baik untuk mengubah pandangan seseorang sesuai pandangan si penulis terkait suatu kasus tertentu maupun untuk mencari pendukung akan ide yang diutarakan si penulis.
Untuk perbedaannya yang jelas dan tidak sulit dipahamai yaitu terletak pada generic structure ke dua teks tersebut. Perhatikan:
Analytical exposition (lihat penjelasan lengkapnya di sini):
- Thesis
- Argument
- Conclusion/Reiteration
Hortatory Exposition (lihat penjelasan lengkapnya di sini):
- Thesis
- Argument
- Recommendation
Perhatikan bagian poin ke tiga, jika analytical exposition pada paragraf terakhirnya berisikan kesimpulan atau pernyataan ulang atas inti dari ide yang disampaikan, maka hortatory exposition berisikan
rekomendasi untuk pembaca. Yang penting diperhatikan yaitu penggunaan
ciri kata yang sering digunkan dalam memberikan rekomendasi atau saran: should, should not, ought to, ought not to. Lihat contoh di bawah:
Public
Transportation should be Free
If we can agree that government has some role to
play in our lives, then let’s at least make it a positive one. Consider the
benefits of free, fully-subsidized public transportation.
First, it will motivate more people to leave their
cars at home. Think of the reduction in pollution and traffic jam and insurance
costs due to accidents. Greener cities, safer cities, more livable cities. More
room for parks and trees. Think of the money we’ll all save by consuming less
gas, spending less frequently on car repairs, and so on. That money will stay
in our wallets and we could then turn around and give the economy a boost by
spending it on other consumer goods or services. More jobs.
Secondly, we must consider the health benefits.
We’ll all walk a little more. This will reduce visits to doctors’ offices and
hospitals because we’ll be healthier. We’ll have improved blood pressure, lower
stress and possibly a better complexion.
In addition, free transportation will encourage us
to enjoy the company of our friends and family. It will become much more
feasible to safely drink another glass of wine at the restaurant or have that
extra beer at the family gathering. We’ll avoid the worry of getting behind the
wheel with a blood-alcohol level that’s above the legal limit. Fewer accidents,
fewer tragedies, lower costs of policing and reduced court backlogs. The
increased public expense in transportation should pay off in the form of
reduced health care costs and a safer society.
Then, think about some of the other social benefits:
imagine how much we’ll learn from each other when we share rides instead of
sitting in isolation in our cars. Talking to the neighbors might come back into
fashion. More people will meet and talk and maybe even help each other.
Having someone else drive us will also give us more
time for reading books and newspapers. So, park your car and use it for your
dream vacation.
No more fumbling for change, just hop on and off the
streetcar or bus wherever and whenever you like. What a great idea, especially
for those who live in crowded, polluted cities. It will renew life on our
streets.
So I can’t agree more with this proposition. Let’s
go for it!
Contoh Hortatory Exposition: (perhatikan kalimat bagian terakhir di warnai merah terdapat kata SHOULD ---> rekomendasi.
Organic
Farming
A
Solution for Harmless Food
Organic farming is a form of agriculture which
excludes the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, plant growth
regulators, live-stock feed additives, and genetically modified organisms. It
is believed that organic farming should replace conventional one for some reasons.
Firstly, as far as possible, organic farmers rely on
crop rotation, integrated pest management, crop residue, compost and mechanical
cultivation to maintain soil productivity and control pests.
Secondly, studies have shown that people who work
with pesticides have an increased risk of developing Parkinson’s disease. The
pesticides examined in these two long-term studies, paraquat and dieldrin, are
not allowed on organic farms. The herbicide paraquat and fungicide maneb
together, but not alone, have been shown to cause brain damage in mice. Some
organic farming standards do allow the use of natural methods of protection
from pests such as those derived from plants. Organic activists state that
natural pesticides are a last alternative, while growing healthier,
disease-resistant plants, using cover crops and crop rotation, and encouraging
beneficial insects and birds are the primary methods of pest control.
Finally, a 2001 study demonstrated that children who
are fed organic diets experienced significantly lower organophosphorus
pesticide exposure than children fed conventional diets. A similar study in
2006 measured the levels of organophosphorus pesticide exposure in 23
pre-school children before and after replacing their diet with organic food:
levels of organophosphorus pesticide exposure dropped dramatically and
immediately when the children switched to an organic diet. Although the
researchers did not collect health outcome data in this study, they concluded
“it assumes that children whose diets consist of organic food items would have
a lower probability of neurologic health risks.”
